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高四方性超细 BaTiO 3 纳米粉体的制备与性能研究

Fabrication and Properties of Ultra-Fine BaTiO 3 Particles with High Tetragonality

  • 摘要: 高四方性的 BaTiO 3 超细粉体是下一代多层陶瓷电容器的关键材料。该文探究了砂磨介质尺寸和原料 TiO 2 晶相对反应物活性、产物介电性能的影响, 并利用砂磨固相法成功合成了高四方性 BaTiO 3超细粉体。分析场发射扫描电子显微镜照片和 X 射线光电子能谱发现, 细砂磨介质粉碎原料的效率更高, 机械活化作用更强。Raman 光谱和 X 射线衍射图谱显示, 在高能砂磨过程中, TiO 2 由锐钛矿相先后转变为 TiO 2 -II 相、金红石相。分析微商热重曲线和 X 射线衍射, 结果表明, 砂磨介质更能有效降低反应温度和抑制 Ba 2 TiO 4 的生成。此外, 高分辨透射电子显微镜图像揭示了 BaTiO 3 的形成是 Ba 2+向 TiO 2 晶格扩散的过程。该文相关实验结果表明, 利用直径为 0.1 mm 的 ZrO 2 磨球对锐钛矿相 TiO 2 和 BaCO 3 混合物砂磨 4 h, 并在 1 100 ℃ 煅烧 3 h 后, 获得了平均粒径为 186 nm、四方性为 1.009 2且分散性良好的 BaTiO 3 粉体, 该粉体在 1 250 ℃ 烧结的陶瓷相对密度为 96.11%, 居里点(137.8 ℃)的介电常数峰值为 8 677。

     

    Abstract: Ultra-fine BaTiO 3 powder with high tetragonality is the key material for the next generation of multilayer ceramic capacitors. In this paper, effects of medium size of the sand-milling and the phase of the raw TiO 2 on the reaction activity and dielectric properties of the product were investigated, and ultra-fine BaTiO 3 powder with high tetragonality was synthesized via the sand-milling process. Field emission scanning electron microscope images and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that the fine sand-milling media was more effective in crushing raw materials and mechanical activation. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction pattern proved that the anatase phase of TiO 2 was transformed into TiO 2 -II phase and rutile phase successively during the sand-milling process. Derivative thermogravimetry and X-ray diffraction analysis proved that fine sand-milling media was better at lowering the reaction temperature and inhibiting the formation of Ba 2 TiO 4 . The high resolution transmission electron microscopy image revealed that the formation of BaTiO 3 is a process by which Ba 2+ diffuses into the TiO 2 lattice. The anatase TiO 2 /BaCO 3 mixture were sand-milled for 4 h, using ZrO 2 balls with a diameter of 0.1 mm, and calcined at 1 100 ℃ for 3 h. Then a well-dispersed BaTiO 3 powder with an average particle size of 186 nm and tetragonality of 1.009 2 was obtained. Sintered at 1 250 ℃, the density of the ceramic derived of as-prepared powder was 96.11%, and the peak value of the dielectric constant at the Curie point (137.8 ℃) was 8 677.

     

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