基于短声和扫频音的听觉脑干诱发电位比较研究
A Comparison Study on Auditory Brainstem Responses Induced by Click and Swept-Tone
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摘要: 听觉脑干诱发电位检测(Auditory Brainstem Response, ABR)是一种客观检测听力损失的常用方法。短声作为一种宽频信号, 其诱发的 ABR 通常被认为是 ABR 检测的金标准。但由于人体耳蜗基底膜行波具有延迟特性, 短声不能同时刺激整个耳蜗基底膜产生兴奋, 导致诱发的 ABR 波形因不同相而产生衰减。为解决这一局限性, 该研究设计了一种扫频音刺激, 根据耳蜗基底膜的延迟特性重新调整不同频率成分出现的时间, 以诱发 ABR 信号。实验通过将所设计的扫频 ABR 方法和传统的短声 ABR方法的波质量进行比较发现, 在不同的刺激强度和刺激速率下, 扫频 ABR 的波形形态均明显优于短声ABR 的。此外, 在不同的响应叠加次数下, 所设计的扫频音比短声诱发 ABR 能更快地诱发出 ABR 波形。该文所提出的扫频 ABR 方法有望提高 ABR 在听力损失诊断中的灵敏度。Abstract: The auditory brainstem response (ABR) is an objective method to detect hearing loss. Generally, the ABR induced by click is considered as the gold standard. However, the click-induced ABR is mainly used to assess high-frequency hearing due to the delayed characteristics of human cochlear basilar membrane. In order to compensate for the limitation of the ABR induced by click, a swept-tone stimulus that adjusts the occurrence time of different frequency components was proposed and used to evoke the ABR in this study. The swept-tone evoked ABR was compared with the click evoked ABR at different test levels and different stimulus rates. The experimental results show that the waveform morphology of the swept-tone ABR is better than that of the click ABR. In addition, the swept-tone ABR and the click ABR after different sweeps were also calculated under a different number of sweeps, and the results show that the swept-tone ABR could save recording time compared to the click ABR. These results suggest that the proposed swept-tone ABR could be more sensitive than the commonly used click ABR in the detection of hearing loss.