Abstract: To meet the requirements of anti-drone recognition system for drone recognition in the complex background within public places, a target recognition method based on Zebrafish template matching vision recognition and eagle eye visual attention was studied in this paper. By establishing a dataset of drone templates with different postures, combining the eagle eye visual search mechanism with scale invariant feature transformation, the attitude template image is matched with the target to obtain a rough target area. Then calculate the similarity of the Hausdorff distance between the template pose and the target pose to obtain the most similar pose. Experimental results showed that, the anti UAV recognition system can realize the recognition of drones in different complex backgrounds. Compared with the significance target recognition method based on spectral residuals, the average running time is improved by 23.5%. The proposed algorithm has a higher structural similarity index than the differential hash algorithm for finding similar template poses.