Abstract: In modern biomedical research and clinical diagnostics, the demand for multi-parametric and highly accurate biochemical detection is rapidly increasing. Silicon photonic chips, characterized by high transmission speed, low power consumption, and strong immunity to electromagnetic interference, offer unique advantages in biochemical sensing. Consequently, silicon-photonic-integrated biochemical sensing chips—thanks to their superior performance and broad application prospects—have become a focal point in this field. This paper reviews recent progress in silicon-photonic-integrated biochemical sensing chips, summarizes their advances across diverse detection domains such as liquids, gases, and macromolecules, and highlights how different device architectures are tailored to specific analytes, aiming to further broaden the application scope of these chips in biochemical detection.