Halophiles are extremophilic microorganisms able to grow in high-salt and high-pH environments. Synthetic biology studies on halophilic bacteria lead to the development of “Next Generation Industrial Biotechnology” (NGIB). Engineered Halomonas spp. is succeeded in the production of various polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) and their co-productions with other high value-added chemicals, under continuous and nonsterile fermentation processes using seawater to replace fresh water. NGIB based on halophilic bacteria provides advantages including energy-saving, water-saving, time-saving, less process complexity and low-cost. It will help to become “Carbon Neutral” for our society. This article analyzes the characteristics of the next generation of industrial biotechnology based on halophilic bacteria and their synthetic biology, providing a new perspective and ideas for synthetic biology and the next generation of industrial biotechnology.