Metasurfaces are composed of sub-wavelength scale artificial nanostructures, which enhance the light-matter interaction at resonant wavelengths and improve the signal intensity from biochemical molecules in the near field. The chiral plasmonic metasurfaces can robustly and effectively enhance the chiral signal of chiral molecules and achieve the detection of trace molecules. The biochemical detection technology based on chiral plasmonic metasurfaces is increasingly studied to meet the requirements of high resolution and high sensitivity of detection devices in many fields such as biology, chemistry and environment. This review presented mechanism of biochemical detection of chiral plasmonic metasurfaces and the advances in chiral plasmonic metasurface. In terms of biochemical detection, the recent applications of chiral plasmonic metasurfaces in environmental media sensing, chirality detection, fluorescence detection and surface-enhanced Raman detection were introduced. Finally, the review discussed the application prospect of chiral plasmonic metasurfaces in biochemical detection field.